Oculoplasty treatment: focuses on reconstructive and cosmetic surgery of the eyelids, tear ducts, eye socket and the surrounding portion of eyes and face.

An oculoplasty treatment is done to improve the comfort and function of the eyes and eyelids.

At Ranchhodrai Eye Hospital, we provide modern state-of-the-art facilities with highest quality services.

Oculoplasty surgery may be performed to improve function, comfort and appearance for the following conditions:

• Tear Drainage Problems

• Eyelid Malposition

Who needs an Oculoplasty Treatment?

If you experience the following symptoms, you may need an oculoplasty surgery:

• If you have wrinkles, scars or minor folds around your eyes
• If your tear ducts are blocked
• If you feel any sort of twitch in your eyes
• If you blink your eyes more than a normal person
• If you are suffering from Ptosis- downward hanging of eyelids
• Excessive fat around the eye
• If you have bulging eyes
• In case of absence of an eye
• Orbit tumors or tumors growing around your eye

Eyelid injury refer to partial or full thickness defects in the eyelid.

Males are more likely to experience eyelid injury than females

Lid injury occur as a result of two general mechanisms including (1) contact with sharp objects moving at high velocities that either penetrate superficial structures and result in a partial-thickness defect or that penetrate deeper structures resulting in a full-thickness defect and (2) avulsion injuries from blunt trauma.[3]

Primary prevention

Prevention is accomplished by minimizing trauma to the face.

Children should be supervised at home and at school, particularly when playing with dogs, sharp objects, or riding bicycles.

Adolescents and adults should be counseled to use protective eyewear when engaging in high risk work or sporting activities and to wear protect headgear when riding light motor vehicles.

The elderly should avoid medications or activities that can increase the likelihood of falling and assure their environment minimizes fall/slipping risks.

Management

Apart from being cosmetically unacceptable, any irregularity of the lid margin is functionally detrimental to the eye, as lid defects may fail to cover the cornea fully and provide adequate lubrication. An oculoplastic surgeon repairs the injury in a way to make the lid as close to normal as possible.

Primary repair of eyelids should be performed within 12 to 24 hours of the injury to reduce subsequent complications.

Lid sutures can generally be removed 7 days following repair.

In a condition known as entropion there is inward turning of the eyelids, causing the eyelashes to scratch the cornea and produce irritation.

Tearing and secondary infection as well as an unpleasant looking eye cause the patient to seek medical care.

Entropion may be the result of spasm or secondary contracture or strictures from burns, injury or trachoma infection.

It may involve the upper or lower lids. An adhesive tape applied to the skin of the lid temporarily may straighten the lid and relieve the annoying symptoms.

Corrective surgery is usually required for a permanent cure.

Ectropion is the opposite condition, and the lower lid usually turns away from the eyeball.

Ectropion may be due to laxity of the tissue in elderly people or to paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve (the nerve which controls the facial expressions), which causes the weakness of the muscles of the lid.

It may also follow cuts, infections, or burns of the lids and face that heal poorly; the resultant scar tissue forms adhesions that cause the lids to turn out.

Besides being cosmetically unpleasant, ectropion is accompanied by troublesome tearing and infection.

Treatment is surgical rotation of the lid margin and its alignment with the eyeball.

Trichiasis is a condition in which there is misdirection of eyelashes.

If the eyelashes turn in toward the eyeball and scratch the cornea, they produce a sensation like a foreign body.

This condition may result from trachoma (an eye infection), burns or injuries to the lids.

Removal of the offending lashes relieves the symptoms.

Normally tears from the eye drain to the nose through the lacrimal passage. In case of any blockage in this passage, watering results

The cause of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is most commonly a membranous obstruction in the nasolacrimal duct.The nasolacrimal duct (also called the tear duct) carries

tears from the lacrimal sac of the eye into the nasal cavity.

Symptoms

A history of watering, mucous discharge and epiphora of one or both eyes since birth is typical.

The periocular skin may be chapped from continual exposure to tears.

Regurgitation of purulent material into the eye can cause conjunctivitis and a history of recurrent "pink eye" in an infant or young child

The signs and symptoms are usually worse with a concurrent upper respiratory infection

Treatment

From birth to upto 18 months of age one can do simple massaging .For approximately 90% of infants it resolves the obstruction.

Massaging creats hydrostatic pressure in the lacrimal pathway which removes the obstructionIf it doesn’t work of if kid is 2 to 3 years old, probing can be done.

If child is above 3 years of age or if above mentioned treatment doesn’t resolve the obstruction ,one can go for dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR) which makes an alternative pathway to drain the tears to nasal cavity.